Computer Modern is the family of typefaces developed by Donald Knuth for TeX. It’s so good-looking that some scientists do research just so they can write it up in Computer Modern.
The cm-unicode project compiles versions of the Computer Modern fonts in a few formats, including TTF. I’ve run them through codeandmore’s @font-face kit generator to get all the weird formats that the various browsers insist on.
I’ve put up a page containing examples of each face in use and links to packages containing everything you need to use them.

Nice showcase! To what extent is math support available in these web fonts?
| August 29, 2012 @ 1:47 pm
They shouldn’t really be used for maths, because of all the positioning and sizing you need to do to typeset notation properly. For that, you should use MathJax, which uses the LaTeX fonts anyway.
| August 29, 2012 @ 1:52 pm
But to more directly and helpfully answer your question, I’ve updated the page with a list of mathematical symbols under each typeface, so you can see that they implement pretty much all the symbols you’d want.
| August 29, 2012 @ 2:11 pm
I wasn’t necessarily implying that the mathematical glyphs in these fonts should serve as a replacement to MathJax, I was wondering whether having these fonts available can somehow improve MathJax rendering. Or, assuming there aren’t any issues left with MathJax and fonts, what the result would be if a page uses Computer Modern and MathJax.
| August 29, 2012 @ 2:35 pm
Oh, it would probably look pretty decent.
As for improving MathJax rendering: MathJax already uses basically the same fonts, but the math-mode set, so this wouldn’t improve it.
| August 29, 2012 @ 4:33 pm